When the Pandavas and the Kauravas gathered together on the battlefield of Kurukshetra
(the field of Kuru) with their armies, Duryodhana, the king of the Kauravas,
approached Drona (his teacher in the science of war) and named the leading
warriors on either side. As a signal for the battle to begin, conch-shell horns
were sounded on both the sides and Shri Krishna who was Arjuna's charioteer
drove his chariot into a place between the two armies. The scene which greeted
Arjuna's eyes unnerved him, and he said to Shri Krishna, 'How can I attack these
in battle? I might fight readily enough if I had to fight with strangers, but
these are my kinsmen. The Kauravas and the Pandavas are first cousins. We were
brought up together. Drona is our teacher as well as the Kauravas. Bhishma is a
revered elder for both. How can I fight with him? It is true that the Kauravas
are criminals and doers of evil deeds. They have wronged the Pandavas and
deprived them of their lands. They have insulted the saintly Draupadi. But what
shall I gain by killing them? They are fools indeed. But shall I also be equally
foolish? I have some little knowledge. I can discriminate between right and
wrong. I thus see that it is a sin to fight with relatives. Never mind if they
have taken wrongful possession of the Pandavas' share in the kingdom. Never mind
even if they kill us. But how dare we raise our hand against them? O Krishna, I
will not fight with my kith and kin.'
With these words, Arjuna sank down on the seat of the chariot, being overwhelmed by
grief.
Here ends the first Chapter which is entitled 'the sorrow of Arjuna'. All of us should
feel pain even as Arjuna did. No acquisition of knowledge is possible unless
there is in us a sense of something lacking and a desire to know the truth. If a
man is not curious even to know what is wrong and what is right, what is the use
of religion for him? The battlefield of Kurukshetra only provides the occasion
for the dialogue between Arjuna and Krishna. The real Kurukshetra is the human
heart, which is also a dharmakshetra (the field of righteousness) if we
look upon it as the abode of God and invite Him to take hold of it. Some battle
or other is fought on this battlefield from day to day. Most of these battles
arise from the distinction between 'mine' and 'thine', between kinsmen and
strangers. Therefore, as we shall find later on, the Lord tells Arjuna that
attraction (raga) and repulsion (dvesha) lie at the root of sin.
When I look upon a person or thing as 'mine', raga takes hold of my mind;
and when I look upon him as a stranger, aversion or hatred enters the mind.
Therefore we must forget the distinction between 'mine' and 'thine'. That is to
say, we must give up our likes and dislikes. This is the teaching of the Gita
and all other scriptures. To say this is one thing; to practise it is quite
another. The Gita is there to teach us how to practise it. We will try to
understand the method it recommends.